What is the approximate cost of domestic violence to the economy of an average European country?

EIGE (2021) estimates EU gender-based violence at €366B/year; violence against women €289B (79%), intimate partner violence €174B (48%). Spain: €1.38–3.01B (2022). England & Wales: £66B (2017). U.S.: $9.3B (2017). Largest cost: health/emotional impact (56%).

What economic factors prevent victims from leaving the abuser?

Key barriers: financial dependency (74%), ruined credit, housing unaffordability, large deposits/guarantees, and fear of losing custody. 92% of homeless women report severe physical or sexual abuse. These traps limit safety options.

How does the decline in academic performance of a child who witnesses violence affect the economy in the long term?

Lower school performance raises dropout risk, cuts adult earnings, reduces tax revenue, and depresses GDP. It also perpetuates intergenerational poverty and violence, increasing reliance on social and justice systems.

Do boys and girls react the same way to the trauma of witnessing violence?

Often no. Boys tend to externalize (aggression, rule-breaking); girls more often internalize (anxiety, depression). Some studies show higher PTSD in girls. Both need trauma-informed, tailored support.

What are the most effective therapies for children exposed to domestic violence?

Trauma-focused CBT (TF-CBT), play therapy for younger children, and family therapy. Early intervention and access to mental health services are crucial to reduce PTSD, anxiety, and long-term harm.

How can I tell if a child is being abused if they don't disclose it?

Watch for regressive behavior, nightmares, anxiety, academic decline, social withdrawal, aggression, self-harm, and unexplained injuries. If you suspect abuse, contact child protective services or specialist support.

What should I do if I suspect a child is being abused?

Ensure immediate safety (call 112/117 in Switzerland). Document signs. Report to KESB/child protective services. Support the child: “I believe you. This is not your fault.” Arrange trauma-informed professional help.

How can I support a child who has witnessed domestic violence?

Ensure safety, respond calmly and believe the child, build stable routines and caring support, and seek trauma-informed therapy (e.g., TF-CBT). Early action reduces long-term impacts.

What are the long-term effects of witnessing domestic violence in childhood?

Higher risks of depression, anxiety, PTSD, substance use; relationship problems and cycles of violence; and increased chronic disease risk due to prolonged stress exposure.

How can I access professional help for a child exposed to domestic violence in Switzerland?

Contact Opferhilfe for referrals, reach out to CAMHS in your canton, and consult the child’s pediatrician or school counselor for trauma-informed support options.

What is the role of schools in identifying and supporting children exposed to domestic violence?

Schools can train staff to spot signs, create safe spaces to disclose, offer counseling, and coordinate with child protection, police, and victim support for comprehensive help.

How can I protect my child from the effects of domestic violence if I am unable to leave the abuser?

Make a safety plan, limit exposure during incidents, reassure the child, seek help from Opferhilfe, and document incidents. Prioritize safe communication and exit strategies.

What legal protections are available for children exposed to domestic violence in Switzerland?

KESB can order protective measures. Opferhilfe supports victims with counseling, legal and financial aid. Police (117) intervene to secure safety and can refer to KESB.

How can I talk to my child about domestic violence?

Use age-appropriate language, reassure safety, validate feelings, explain that violence is wrong, invite questions, and seek professional support if needed.

What resources are available for parents who want to learn more about supporting children exposed to domestic violence?

Contact Opferhilfe and CAMHS; consult pediatricians and school counselors. See 143.ch, 147.ch, opferhilfe-beiderbasel.ch, and reliable books/articles on child trauma.

19.12.2025 • 27 min read

How domestic violence affects children: a complete guide to psychological, social, and economic consequences

If you or your child are in immediate danger, contact emergency services or specialized support organizations. All services listed below operate with strict confidentiality and are accessible to anyone experiencing domestic violence, regardless of immigration status or financial situation. Your safety is the priority.

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By Markus Pritzker

Swiss Business Lawyer & Corporate Formation Specialist. Off-counsel at SwissFirma network.

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